Theoretical prediction of diffusive ionic current through nanopores under salt gradients

In charged nanopores, ionic diffusion current reflects the selectivity and permeability of which determines performance osmotic energy conversion, i.e., output power efficiency. Here, theoretical predictions diffusive currents through cation-selective nanopores have been developed based on investigation transport under salt gradients with simulations. The I satisfies a reciprocal relationship pore length ∝ α/L (α is constant) in long nanopores. α determined by cross-sectional areas paths for anions cations inside can be described quadratic diameter, superposition first respectively. By using effective concentration instead nominal ones, deviation caused polarization effectively avoided prediction current. With equations difference current, across well predicted cases longer than 100 nm without overlapping electric double layers. Our results provide convenient way quantitative gradients.